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aldosterone synthase
Aldosterone synthase is a steroid hydroxylase cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone. It is a protein which is only expressed in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex and is primarily regulated by the renin-angiotensin system. It is the sole enzyme capable of synthesizing aldosterone in humans and plays an important role in electrolyte balance and blood pressure.
== Genetics ==
Aldosterone synthase is encoded on chromosome 8q22〔 by the CYP11B2 gene.〔 The gene contains 9 exons and spans roughly 7000 base pairs of DNA.〔 CYP11B2 is closely related with CYP11B1. The two genes show 93% homology to each other and are both encodes on the same chromosome. Research has shown that calcium ions act as a transcription factor for CYP11B2 through well defined interactions at the 5'-flanking region of CYP11B2.〔
Aldosterone synthase is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/CYP11B2 )〕 The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases that catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids, and other lipids.
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